Igbe gear kacha ama ama n'ụwa
Mgbe ọtụtụ afọ nke nkwalite siri ike gasịrị, òkè ahịa nke igbe igbe abụọ-clutch dị nso ugbu a na ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị elu, karịsịa na ahịa ụgbọ ala kwụụrụ onwe ya. A na-etinye ụgbọ ala dị iche iche nwere igbe igbe DCT n'ahịa dị ka mkpofu, ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ ndị a pụrụ ịdabere na ya ma dị mma. Mmetụta adịghị adọrọ adọrọ, karịsịa akọrọ okpukpu abụọ, nkwụsị ọkụ na-adịghị mma, nkwụsịtụ siri ike, na attenuation okpomọkụ doro anya, nke na-emetụta kpọmkwem ahụmahụ ịnya ụgbọ elu na ụgwọ ọrụ nke onye nwe ya.
Otú ọ dị, na etiti na elu-ọgwụgwụ ụgbọ ala ubi, na mgbakwunye na Audi, ndị ọzọ ụdị na-tumadi dabeere na omenala mbara ala gia nnyefe, na nkà na ụzụ bụ ihe tozuru okè, mgbanwe mgbagha doro anya, na ọ bụ ihe na-agbanwe agbanwe na mgbagwoju gburugburu ụgbọ ala gburugburu ebe obibi. . Site na teknụzụ teknụzụ na-aga n'ihu na-aga n'ihu, mbipụta Xiaobian ga-eme ka ị ghọta igbe igbe nke ụfọdụ ụgbọ ala a na-emepụta n'ime ụlọ bụ nke tozuru oke na ntụkwasị obi.
ZF 8AT
Ụdị emetụtara: Haval H8, Haval H9
ZF (a na-akpọkarị anyị "ZF") bụ ihe dị mkpa na-eweta akụkụ akpaaka na Germany. Na 2017, ụlọ ọrụ 500 kacha elu n'ụwa họọrọ 263. Ihe kachasị ama bụ mmepụta nke igbe gearbox, gụnyere 8AT vetikal maka BMW/Audi, na JAT, Land Rover na Honda's horizontal 9AT, nke bụ aha ezinụlọ. Na 2015, site na mmecha nke nnweta nke TRW, ụlọ ọrụ ghọrọ ụwa akpaaka akụkụ ibu.
Ọ na-agụnyekwa modul clutch dị iche iche, modul njikọ maka sistemụ ngwakọ, na ike na-ewepụ, ndị na-agbanwe ihe ntụgharị, wdg maka igwe mmepụta ihe dị iche iche buru ibu, nke pụtara na ọ bụrụhaala na nnyefe ike na njikwa ọsọ na-etinye aka, Fudu na-enwe mmetụta dị ukwuu.
A na-ejikarị ZF naanị ụgbọ ala BMW Audi dị elu na-eji ya eme ihe, ma na mgbasawanye nke ụlọ mmepụta ihe, gbakwunyere ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ ala okomoko na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-amalite ịkụpịa igbe ha, nguzozi nke ọkọnọ na ọchịchọ na-agbadata, ya mere ụfọdụ ụgbọ ala ụlọ amalitela itinye. . ZF ama ama 8AT kwụ ọtọ, nke a na-ahụkarị bụ Haval H8/H9.
Ọ baghị uru ikwu, ahụmahụ na-agbanwe agbanwe, na mgbakwunye na nnukwu mmanụ ọkụ, akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke arụmọrụ dị oke mma, mgbanaka gia abụghị oji. N'ezie, Harvard zụtara igbe igbe a n'aka ZF enweghịkwa enyemaka. Ipigide abụọ nke BorgWarner mepụtara na njide abụọ a zụtara n'aka Getrag bụ nke kwụ ọtọ ma dabara adaba maka ụgbọ ala ezinụlọ na-ebugo n'ihu, mana H8 na H9 bụ ụdị kwụ ọtọ nke injin ahụ, nke enweghị ike iji ya ma ọlị. ya mere ọ bụrụgodị na ọnụ ahịa ahụ dị elu, ọ nwere ike isi ike naanị n'isi. Kedu onye na-eme H8/H9 ka ọ bụrụ "facade"?
Isin Seiki 6AT/8AT
Ụdị gụnyere: Geely Star, Changan CS85
Banyere Aisin, ndị a maara nke ọma kwesịrị ịbụ igbe igbe 6AT kwụ ọtọ nke a na-ejikarị na Japanese, French, German na ụgbọ ala kwụụrụ onwe ya. Agbanyeghị na Volkswagen nwere DSG nke ya, ụfọdụ ụdị ka ga-ejide Aisin 6AT. apata ụkwụ. Dị ka akụrụngwa soplaya Toyota Holdings, Aisin Seiki n'onwe ya nwere ike n'ọkwa 324th n'ime ụwa 500 ụlọ ọrụ na 2017. Na mgbakwunye na 6AT na anyị maara nke ọma, ọtụtụ n'ime CVT na-ọtụtụ ebe na ụgbọ ala Japan nwere Aisin akụkụ. Na mgbakwunye, Camry's horizontal 8AT, Crown's vetikal 8AT, na Prado's vetikal 6AT bụkwa ọrụ Aisin. .
N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, ụdị ndị nweere onwe ha amalitela ịracha ụgbọ ala ha dị elu. Igbe igbe Geely na Great Wall nke Lectra na WEY ji Volvo na BorgWarner rụpụta ya n'otu n'otu. Changan CS85 na-azụta 8AT nke akụ na ụba Aisin, nke bụ nke dị na Toyota Camry.
Ejiri Changan CS85 nwere injin Blue Whale 2.0T. Ọ bụ mmepe kachasị ọhụrụ nke ngwaahịa aka Changan. Ejiri igbe Aisin 8AT rụọ ya, gbakwunyere ịdị arọ nke 1.7t. Ọ na-adị ngwa ngwa, na-agbanwe agbanwe na nchekwa ike dị elu, ọkachasị n'ụdị egwuregwu, ahụmịhe dị egwu anaghị efu n'otu ọkwa ụgbọ ala nkwonkwo.
Hyundai Kia 6AT (Mobis / Pivota)
Ụdị gụnyere: BYD Don, Hyundai Kia
MOBIS na-ebutekarị akụkụ maka ngwaahịa ụgbọ ala Hyundai Kia. N'ikwu nke ọma, MOBIS bụ enyemaka nke Hyundai Kia Group nwere. Dịka ntụkwasị obi kachasị na ụgbọ ala Korea, MOBIS nwekwara nso Magna. Ogologo azụmahịa, nke bụ isi ihe maka ụgbọ ala Korea na-aga n'ụwa nile, bụ 323 n'ime ụlọ ọrụ 500 kacha elu n'ụwa na 2017, nke dị elu karịa Aisin Seiki nke Japan.
N'ikwu okwu banyere 6AT, onye ọ bụla nke buru ụzọ chee maka okwu ọnụ bụ Aisin, nke nwere aha ọjọọ. SAIC GM bụ isi ihe. 6AT nke ụgbọ ala Korea adịghị ike. N'ezie, ịsị ahụmahụ siri ike na ntụkwasị obi, 6AT nke MOBIS / Pivotai adịghị efu na mbụ, ụgbọ ala ụlọ nke ihe dịka 100,000, onye ndu, K3 Ahụmahụ ịkwọ ụgbọala nke 1.6L + 6AT powertrain dị ezigbo mma, na opekempe ka mma karịa GM na Ford atọ-cylinder na dual ipigide. Banyere BYD, ụgbọ ala ndị dị ala bụ njigide abụọ na-anya onwe ha. Naanị ụgbọ ala flagship Tang (ụdị mmanụ ụgbọala) na-eji 2.0T + 6AT, na mmetụta ya siri ike n'ezie karịa S7 ochie.
Mmezi usoro:
More na ndị ọzọ ụgbọala na-onwem na-akpaka transmissions. Iji gearbox na-akpaghị aka, ndị mmadụ nwere ike ịnya ụgbọ ala n'etiti otu ụkwụ na breeki ụkwụ, nke dị mfe. Ọ bụrụ na onye nwe leghaara mmezi nke akpaka nnyefe, siri akpaka nnyefe bụ ewekarị ọdịda.
Ihe kachasị dị mfe site na onye nwe ya bụ nhọrọ ziri ezi na ngbanwe nke mmanụ nnyefe na-akpaghị aka n'oge. Na mgbakwunye na ịkwọ ụgbọala ziri ezi nke mbụ, isi ihe na-arụ ọrụ bụ "ịgbanwe mmanụ" n'ụzọ ziri ezi. Ọ dị mkpa iburu n'uche na a ga-eji mmiri nnyefe akpaka (ATF) nke onye nrụpụta kwuru, ma ọ bụghị na nnyefe akpaka ga-edo onwe ya n'okpuru nsogbu. Dochie mmanu nnyefe akpaka enweghị ike ime na ụlọ ahịa dị n'akụkụ okporo ụzọ ma ọ bụ ụlọ ahịa mara mma ụgbọ ala n'ihi na ọrụ a siri ike. E nwere usoro abụọ nke nnyefe akpaka na ụwa, na-eji mmanụ abụọ nke ọkọlọtọ na-ebufe akpaka, nke na-enweghị ike ịgbanwe ma jikọta ya, ma ọ bụghị na nnyefe akpaka ga-emebi. Ya mere, iji dochie mmanụ na-ebufe akpaka, onye nwe ya ga-aga ụlọ ọrụ nrụzi pụrụ iche ma ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ nrụzi na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ akpaka.
N'okpuru ọnọdụ nkịtị, a ga-ehichapụ ma dozie ụgbọ ala na-ebufe akpaka otu ugboro ọ bụla 20,000 kilomita ruo 25,000 kilomita, ma ọ bụ mgbe gearbox na-amị amị, mmiri dị elu dị elu, ngbanwe ahụ adịghị nwayọ, usoro ahụ na-agbapụ ma na-ehicha.
Atụmatụ:
1. Nna ukwu okirikiri nke dochie akpaka nnyefe mmanụ.
Usoro nchịkwa nke ikuku nke nnyefe akpaka dị oke nkenke, na nkwụsị dị obere, ya mere ọtụtụ n'ime nnyefe akpaka nwere mgbanwe mgbanwe mmanụ nke afọ abụọ ma ọ bụ 40 ruo 60,000 kilomita. Na usoro eji eme ihe, ọnọdụ ọrụ nke mmanụ nnyefe na-adịkarị gburugburu 120 Celsius, ya mere ogo mmanụ dị elu nke ukwuu ma gha dobe ya. Nke abuo, mgbe ejiri mmanụ nnyefe eme ihe ruo ogologo oge, ọ ga-emepụta ntụpọ mmanụ, nke nwere ike ịmepụta sludge, nke ga-eme ka ejiji nke esemokwu esemokwu na ihe dị iche iche dị iche iche, ma metụtakwa usoro mmanụ mmanụ, nke ga-emetụta nnyefe ike. Nke atọ, ụrọ dị na mmanụ ruru unyi ga-eme ka mmeghari nke ahụ valvụ na nke ọ bụla na-enweghị afọ ojuju, na njikwa nrụgide mmanụ na-emetụta, si otú ahụ na-akpata adịghị mma na nnyefe akpaka. Na-enyocha mgbe niile.
2. Dochie mmanụ nnyefe nke ọma.
Usoro kachasị mma maka mgbanwe mmanụ bụ mgbanwe mmanụ dị ike. A na-eji ngwa nhicha gearbox pụrụ iche. N'oge ọrụ gearbox, mmanụ ochie na-ekesa n'ụzọ zuru ezu, tinye mmanụ mmanụ ọhụrụ mgbe agbapụsịrị, nke mere na mgbanwe mgbanwe mmanụ dị elu dị ka o kwere mee. Ihe karịrị 90, iji hụ na ezigbo mmanụ gbanwere.
3. Ma na akpaka nnyefe mmanụ larịị bụ nkịtị.
Usoro nyocha mmanụ na-arụ ọrụ na-akpaghị aka dị iche na mmanụ injin. A na-enyocha mmanụ engine ahụ na steeti oyi, yana mmanụ ịnyefe kwesịrị ịmalite mmanụ mmanụ ihe dị ka 50 Celsius C, mgbe ahụ, ihe nkedo gia na-anọ na ngwongwo ọ bụla maka 2 sekọnd. Mgbe etinyechara ya na ntinye ụgbọala, ọkwa mmanụ nke dipstick kwesịrị ịdị n'etiti akara kachasị elu na nke kachasị ala. Ọ bụrụ na ezughị, otu mmanụ dị mma kwesịrị ịgbakwunye na oge.
The gearbox tumadi na-ezo aka na gearbox nke ụgbọ ala. E kewara ya na akwụkwọ ntuziaka na akpaaka. Igbe akwụkwọ ntuziaka bụ nke ngwo na ogwe aka mejupụtara. Ihe nchikota ngwo dị iche iche na-emepụta torque na-agbanwe gia. A na-agbanwe igbe igbe akpaaka AT site na ike hydraulic. Torque, gia planetary, hydraulic variable pitch system and hydraulic control system. A na-enweta ike ịgba ọsọ na-agbanwe agbanwe site na nnyefe hydraulic na ngwakọta gia.
Gearbox bu ihe di oke nkpa nke ugbo ala a, nke nwere ike igbanwe onu ogugu ya ma mee ka uzo na ọsọ nke ugbo ala. Site na mmepe nke teknụzụ ọgbara ọhụrụ, emegokwa gearbox. Site na nnyefe akwụkwọ ntuziaka mbụ na nnyefe na-agbanwe agbanwe ugbu a, site na enweghị mmekọrịta iji nwee mmekọrịta, njikwa na-adaba adaba. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, a na-eji injin dizel n'ọtụtụ ebe na ihe owuwu ihe owuwu, na ụdị nke torque na mgbanwe ọsọ bụ obere, nke na-enweghị ike iru ihe chọrọ nke traction ike na ọsọ ọsọ nke ụgbọ ala n'okpuru ọnọdụ ọrụ dị iche iche. Gearboxes dị mkpa iji dozie esemokwu a. Arụ ọrụ nke gearbox bụ ihe dị mkpa iji tụọ ike, akụ na ụba na ịmịcha igwe eji arụ ọrụ. Usoro mgbanwe nke ugbu a na-agụnye: nnyefe igwe, nnyefe hydraulic, na nnyefe hydrostatic. Gearbox nwere ngbanwe ntuziaka na ngbanwe ike, yana nhazi ahụ-axis na mbara ala.
atụmatụ:
(1) Gbanwee usoro nnyefe, gbasaa ọnụọgụ nke mgbanwe nke draịva wheel draịva na ọsọ iji gbanwee ọnọdụ ọnọdụ ụgbọ ala na-agbanwe mgbe niile, ma n'otu oge ahụ mee ka injin ahụ rụọ ọrụ n'okpuru ọnọdụ dị mma nke ike dị elu na obere oriri mmanụ;
(2) A ga-ebugharị ụgbọala ahụ azụ mgbe injin ahụ na-agbagharị n'otu ụzọ ahụ;
(3) Iji gia na-anọpụ iche, na-egbochi inyefe ike, na-enyere injin ahụ aka ịmalite, gbanwee, ma kwado nnyefe nnyefe ma ọ bụ nrụpụta ike.
(4) Nkesa ahụ nwere usoro ntụgharị ntụgharị na usoro ọrụ, yana mgbakwunye ike nwere ike ịgbakwunye mgbe ọ dị mkpa. Enwere ụzọ abụọ iji kọwaa: dịka ngbanwe nke nnyefe nnyefe na ọdịiche nke ọnọdụ ịme ihe.
arụ ọrụ ụkpụrụ:
Ntuziaka ntuziaka ahụ bụ nke gia na osisi, nke na-emepụta ọnụọgụ ọsọ ọsọ site na njikọta dị iche iche. Ntinye aka na-akpaghị aka AT nwere ihe ntụgharị hydraulic, ihe ntanetị na usoro nchịkwa hydraulic, site na nnyefe hydraulic na ngwakọta gia. Iji nweta mgbanwe ọsọ torque.
N'ime ha, ihe ntụgharị nke hydraulic torque bụ akụkụ kachasị njirimara nke AT. O nwere ihe ndi ozo dika igwe eji agbaputa, igwe ozo na ntuziaka, na ntinye ntinye uzo nke ike na nkewa. Igwe mgbapụta na turbine bụ ụzọ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ. Ha dị ka ndị agba abụọ edobere ibe ha. Ifufe nke otu onye ofufe na-arụ ọrụ na-efega ga-eme ka ahịhịa nke onye ọzọ na-agafe agafe gbanwee. Ikuku na-erugharị — ikuku na-aghọ ihe na-enye ike ikunye ume. .
Ọ bụrụ na ejiri mmiri mmiri kama ikuku dị ka ọkara maka izipu ike ndụ, mgbapụta mgbapụta ga-agbagharị turbine site na mmiri mmiri, wee tinye wheel na-eduzi n'etiti mgbapụta mgbapụta na turbine iji melite arụmọrụ nke mbufe mmiri. N'ihi na torque Ntụgharị si akpaka agbanwe torque nso bụ ezughị na arụmọrụ bụ ala.
nhazi ọkwa:
The gearbox nwere Olee ihe enyemaka ntuziaka nnyefe, nkịtị akpaka nnyefe / nkịtị akpaka nnyefe na aka-ike, na CVT nọgidere agbanwe nnyefe / CVT haziri gearbox, sọrọ ipigide nnyefe, Oghere Usoro na ihe ndị yiri ha.
Kewara site na nnyefe ruru
(1) steepụ nnyefe: The steepụ nnyefe bụ ndị kasị ọtụtụ ebe ada otu. Ọ na-eji gia draịva na nwere ọtụtụ ofu ruru. E nwere ụdị nnyefe axial edozi abụọ (nnyefe nkịtị) na ntụgharị ntụgharị axial (nnyefe mbara ala), dabere n'ụdị ụgbọ oloko eji. Ntugharị nke nnyefe nke ụgbọ ala ndị njem na ọkụ na-ebugharị ọkụ na nke na-ajụkarị na-enwekarị 3-5 na-aga n'ihu na otu ihe na-agbanwe agbanwe, yana na nnyefe ụlọ maka nnukwu ụgbọala, a na-enwekwu akara. A na-akpọ nọmba nnyefe na-ezo aka na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mgbatị na-aga n'ihu.
(2) Nnyefe Stepless: A ga - agbanwe usoro nnyefe nke nnyefe a na - enweghị njedebe na njedebe na - enweghị njedebe n’usoro ụfọdụ. A na-agakarị, e nwere ụdị eletrik abụọ na ụdị hydraulic (ụdị mmiri na-akpụ akpụ). The agbanwe ọsọ nnyefe akụrụngwa nke eletriki nọgidere agbanwe nnyefe bụ a DC usoro moto. Na mgbakwunye na ngwa ahụ n'ụgbọ ala trolley, a na-ejikwa ya na usoro nnyefe nke nnukwu ụgbọala na-ebu ibu. Ihe nnyefe nke nnyefe hydrodynamic na-agbanwe agbanwe na-agbanwe ntụgharị.
The nọgidere agbanwe nnyefe bụ ụdị akpaka nnyefe, ma ọ nwere ike imeri adịghị ike nke "mberede shifting", ngwa ngwa trotul nzaghachi, na elu mmanụ ụgbọala oriri nke ot akpaka nnyefe. Ọ mejupụtara diski abụọ nke discs na-agbanwe agbanwe na belt. Ya mere, ọ dị mfe na nhazi ya na obere nha karịa nnyefe akpaka. Ke adianade do, ọ nwere ike kpamkpam ịgbanwe nnyefe ruru, si otú ọbọ zuru-ọsọ stepless ịgbanwee, nke mere na ụgbọ ala na-agba na-agbanwe were were, na-enweghị "ton" mmetụta nke ọdịnala nnyefe agbanwe.
N'ime usoro nnyefe, a na-edochi ngwongwo ọdịnala site na paịlị pulleys na eriri ígwè. Ngwurugwu ọ bụla bụ n'ezie ihe owuwu V nke mejupụtara diski abụọ. Ejikọtara igwe ihe na obere pole ma jiri eriri ígwè na-ebugharị ya. pole. Igwe ihe omimi di na pole a puru iche: uzo mbufe nke CVT bu ihe di iche, ma kewara ya na aka ekpe na aka nri nke oru a, nke puru idi nso ma obu wepu ya. Enwere ike imechi ma ọ bụ mepee cone n'okpuru nrụrụ nke hydraulic, a na-ewepụkwa agbụ ígwè iji dozie obosara nke V-groove. Mgbe a na-akwagharị diski ahụ yiri cone n'ime na nkechi, eriri mpempe akwụkwọ nchara na-agagharị na ntụziaka ọzọ na-abụghị etiti nke gburugburu (centrifugal direction) n'okpuru ịpị nke cone diski ahụ, kama ọ na-abanye n'ime na etiti nke gburugburu. N'ụzọ dị otú a, dayameta nke diski ahụ nke eriri ígwè ígwè na-abawanye, na nnyefe nnyefe na-agbanwe.
(3) Mgbakwunye nnyefe: nnyefe nnyefe bụ nnyefe akụrụngwa nke hydraulic nke nwere ntụgharị ntụgharị na ụdị nrịgo osisi. Ntanetị mbufe ahụ nwere ike ịbụ ọtụtụ etiti dị n'etiti ụkpụrụ kachasị na nke pere mpe. Enweghị mgbanwe ọ bụla na internals na enwere ngwa ndị ọzọ.
Site na ntuziaka na akpaka nkewa
(1) ntuziaka nnyefe
Ntuziaka ntuziaka, nke a na-akpọkwa ntuziaka akwụkwọ ntuziaka, nwere ike ịgbanwe ọnọdụ nrịgharị gia na nnyefe site na ịgbanwee ngbanwe ntụgharị site n'aka, ma gbanwee usoro gia iji mezuo nzube nke ịgbanwe. Mgbe a na-ejide ipigide ahụ, enwere ike ịhazi ihe ntụgharị ahụ. Ọ bụrụ na onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ahụ nwere nkà, ụgbọ ala ahụ na-ebugharị akwụkwọ ntuziaka na-ebu ngwa ngwa karịa nnyefe akpaka mgbe ọ na-agba ọsọ ma na-agabiga ya, ọ dịkwa mma.
Ngwunye AMT bụ ụdị gearbox na-eji aka. Ọ nwere uru nke ịchekwa mmanụ na ọnụ ala. Ihe ọghọm bụ na ụdị ngwa ahụ dị ole na ole ma teknụzụ etozubeghị oke. Ọ bụrụ na "aka-na-otu" ga-eme ka nnyefe akpaka nkịtị nwere mmetụta nke gia ntuziaka, mgbe ahụ gearbox AMT bụ naanị ihe megidere. Ọ dabere na akwụkwọ ntuziaka akwụkwọ ntuziaka, yana usoro ya niile agbanweghị agbanwe site na ịgbanwe akụkụ ntụgharị na-agbanwe agbanwe. N'ihe banyere usoro nchịkwa na-akpaghị aka iji nweta ngbanwe akpaka, ọ dị ka robot iji mezue ihe abụọ nke ịrụ ọrụ nchịkọta na nhọta. N'ihi na ọ bụ nnweta akwụkwọ ntuziaka, AMT na-eketa uru nke nnyefe akwụkwọ ntuziaka n'ihe gbasara akụ na ụba mmanụ. N'oge usoro ịkwọ ụgbọala, mmetụta AMT nke nkụda mmụọ n'ihi mgbanwe mgbanwe ka dị.
(2) Nwetafe akpaaka
Akpaaka akpaka na-eji usoro ihe eji eme mbara ala maka ịgbanwee, ọ nwere ike gbanwee ọsọ ọsọ na-akpaghị aka dịka ogo nke pedal accelerator na mgbanwe nke ọsọ ụgbọ. Naanị onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala kwesịrị ịrụ ọrụ pedal iji chịkwaa ọsọ ahụ.
N'ozuzu, e nwere ọtụtụ ụdị nke nnyefe akpaka na-ejikarị na ụgbọ ala: nnyefe akpaka hydraulic, nnyefe hydraulic nnyefe akpaka, nnyefe eletrik na-akpaghị aka, steepụ igwe na-akpaghị aka, na stepless n'ibu akpaka transmissions. N'ime ha, ihe kachasị dị na ya bụ nnyefe hydraulic na-akpaghị aka. A na-ejikarị mmiri na-arụ ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri na-arụ ọrụ nke na-agbanwe agbanwe, na-agụnyekarị njigide akpaka na nnyefe akpaka. Ọ na-agbanwegharị akpaghị aka na-adabere na mgbanwe na oghere na ọsọ ọsọ. Ntugharị na-agbanwe agbanwe na-aga n'ihu bụ ụdị nnyefe akpaka.
Nkewa site na nhazi
(1) Ntinye aka-achịkwa nnyefe: Nnyefe a na-amanye nnyefe na-arụ ọrụ site na onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala ozugbo site na ịgbanwe mgbanwe ntụgharị.
(2) Ntinye aka na akpaghị aka: Nhọrọ nnyefe nnyefe na ntụgharị nke nnyefe nnyefe akpaka na-akpaghị aka, nke a na-akpọ "akpaka". Ọ na-ezo aka na ngbanwe nke ngwongwo ọ bụla nke nnyefe igwe site na usoro mgbaàmà na-egosipụta ibu ọrụ engine na ọsọ ụgbọ ala iji chịkwaa ndị na-emegharị usoro mgbanwe. Naanị onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala kwesịrị ịrụ ọrụ pedal iji chịkwaa ọsọ nke ụgbọ ahụ.
(3) Ntughari na-arụ ọrụ na-akpaghị aka: E nwere ụdị abụọ nke nnyefe akwara na-akpaghị aka: otu bụ ọrụ akpaka nke ọtụtụ gia na-ejikarị eme ihe, ndị ọzọ na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ site na onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala; nke ọzọ bụ nhọrọ tupu oge, ya bụ, ọkwọ ụgbọ ala tupu ojiji Ọnọdụ a ahọpụtara nke bọtịnụ ahụ, mgbe pedal ipigide na-ada mbà ma ọ bụ wepụta pedal accelerator, a na-agbanye ngwaọrụ electromagnetic ma ọ bụ ngwaọrụ hydraulic maka ịgbanwe.
